Djikta

Pronunciation: Djikta
Language: Yemba
Also known as: bakelite bead

Description

Bead in the shape of a thin disk, hollowed out at the center. Called Koffi rondelle in West Africa, these beads are made from bakelite, a predecessor of today’s synthetic plastics. Introduced in 1907 by Léon Baekeland (Falabella 2021, 18), bakelite was used from the 1920s–1930s to manufacture various types of beads, including this round, multicolored variety. Known as Djikda or Djikta in most sub-Saharan African languages, they very quickly became a part of cultural practices as an aesthetic symbol or sign of social status.
Assembled by the hundreds and thousands on a wool or cotton cord, Djikta beads are worn by women and men alike, as necklaces or hip jewelry. As jewelry, the Djikta played an important role in Bamiléké society.
In social terms, these beads have long served to identify the wearer’s social status. Married women would mark their wedded status by wearing several strings of Djikta necklaces. The greater the number, the greater the economic importance of her husband and thus social class.
A latecomer to aesthetic and cultural customs, the Djikta pearl remains largely undocumented. Nevertheless, its almost identical function in most communities in Cameroon suggests that it played a part in commercial exchanges, perhaps as currency, or as a barter object. Moreover, its use as seductive hip jewelry can be observed not only among the Bamiléké and Bamoun of West Cameroon, but also among the Bafia and Vuté of central Cameroon (Edong 2020), as well as the Tikars, Peuls, Mboum, and Dii, of Adamaoua (Hermenegildo 2015).
Assemblées par centaines et milliers sur une corde de laine ou de coton, elles sont utilisées tant par les femmes que par les hommes, comme collier ou bijou de hanche. En tant que bijou, le Djikta a joué un rôle important dans la société Bamiléké.
Sur le plan social, cette perle a longtemps servi à l’identification du statut social de celui qui la porte. Ainsi, une femme mariée marquait son statut à travers le port de plusieurs enfilades de collier de Djikta. Plus le nombre était important, plus la valeur économique du mari et, corrélativement, sa classe sociale l’étaient.
Entrée tardivement dans les habitudes esthétiques et culturelles, la perle Djikta est très peu documentée. Néanmoins, sa fonction quasi identique dans la plupart des communautés du Cameroun laisse penser qu’elle a participé aux échanges commerciaux du pays, peut-être comme monnaie, ou alors comme objet e troc. De plus, son usage comme bijou de hanche par les femmes s’observe non pas seulement chez les Bamiléké et les Bamoun de l’Ouest du Cameroun, mais aussi chez les Bafia et les Vuté du centre (Edong 2020), les Tikars, les peuls, les Mboum, et les Dii de l’Adamaoua (Hermenegildo 2015).

Read more
Date of entry: December 15, 2024
Djikta. Batié (Cameroun), 20.01.2017, par HTN
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